Tree Philodendron Care: Growing Tips and Troubleshooting

The tree philodendron, once commonly called the hope philodendron or Philodendron selloum, is one of our favorite houseplants. This tropical, low-maintenance plant delivers strong visual impact and makes an excellent, more forgiving alternative to a fiddle leaf fig.

What Is a Tree Philodendron?

The tree philodendron (Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum) is a large tropical plant native to South America, especially Brazil. Although it was long classified in the genus Philodendron, taxonomic revisions in 2018 moved it into the genus Thaumatophyllum based on genetic and morphological evidence. Despite the change, the plant still appears in the trade under older names, so you may encounter Philodendron hope or Philodendron selloum in nurseries. Tree philodendron is now the preferred common name.

Recognizable by its large, deeply divided leaves and long petioles, this plant produces a lush, tropical silhouette indoors. It prefers warm, humid conditions and performs best in medium-to-bright, indirect light when grown inside. Tree philodendrons are widely available in a range of sizes and are often more affordable and bushier than a fiddle leaf fig, making them an attractive choice for those who want dramatic foliage with relatively simple care.

Other Common Names

Historically it was called Philodendron hope selloum or Philodendron selloum; these names reflect earlier scientific classifications and can still appear in plant shops or older care guides. The term “split-leaf philodendron” or “lacy leaf philodendron” is also used informally, though these common names sometimes create confusion with other split-leaf tropicals.

Tree Philodendron vs Monstera

Because both tree philodendrons and Monstera deliciosa feature divided leaves, they are frequently mixed up. The two are distinct species: Monstera leaves typically develop natural holes (fenestrations) and have a different leaf texture, while tree philodendron leaves often exhibit more pronounced frilled or curled margins and a fuller, tree-like growth habit. At garden centers you may find mislabeling, so check leaf shape and growth form when selecting a plant.

The name “tree philodendron” highlights its potential to grow large and tree-like in its native habitat, though as a houseplant it usually remains compact and bushy. Using the updated common name reduces confusion with other species and reflects its current taxonomic placement.

How to Care for a Tree Philodendron

Tree philodendrons bring a tropical vibe to interiors but are generally less finicky than some other large-leaf houseplants. Below are practical care guidelines to keep yours healthy and attractive.

Placement and Light

Place the plant in a location with medium to bright, indirect light. Dappled sunlight or an east- or north-facing window with bright ambient light is ideal. Avoid prolonged direct sun, which can scorch leaves. Rotate the pot periodically so growth remains balanced and the plant develops an even shape.

Watering

Tree philodendrons prefer evenly moist soil but do not tolerate sitting in water. Water lightly about once a week, checking the top 1–2 inches of soil; if it feels dry, water until it drains from the pot’s drainage holes. Ensure the container has good drainage to prevent root rot. Frequency will vary with season, temperature, and humidity—reduce watering in cooler months.

Cleaning and Dusting

Large leaves collect dust, which can reduce photosynthesis and mar the plant’s appearance. Wipe leaves occasionally with a soft, damp cloth to remove dust and keep foliage glossy. This simple routine helps the plant absorb light efficiently and improves overall health.

Pruning

Trim yellowing or damaged leaves at the base with clean, sharp shears to direct energy toward healthy growth. Pruning also helps control size and shape—remove leggy stems or trim back to encourage fuller growth when needed.

Repotting

Repot every 12–24 months depending on growth. If you want the plant to grow larger, move it to a pot up to 2 inches wider. To maintain a manageable size, keep it in the same pot and refresh the top layer of soil or gently trim any crowded roots while adding fresh potting mix.

Other Tree Philodendron FAQs

How big does it get?

Indoors, a tree philodendron can reach up to about 6 feet tall and wide depending on pot size and care, with petioles that may extend up to several feet. Outdoors in suitable climates it can grow much larger, sometimes reaching 10–15 feet.

Can I plant one outside?

Yes—tree philodendrons can be grown outdoors in warm climates where frost is rare. In temperate areas they are best kept as houseplants or moved inside during cold weather. When planted outdoors in appropriate zones, they can form impressive, tree-like specimens.

Outdoor specimens may suffer leaf damage from extreme cold or deep freezes, but healthy plants typically recover by producing new growth once conditions improve. Take precautions during frosty periods to protect outdoor plantings.

Cost

Tree philodendrons offer a strong size-to-price value. Prices vary by age and size, but they are generally more budget-friendly than many large, slow-growing specimen houseplants, making them an attractive option for filling a corner with lush greenery without a large expense.

Other philodendron types

There are nearly 500 species in the broader philodendron group, many of which are popular as indoor plants because they tolerate typical household temperatures and humidity. Species range from compact, trailing varieties to larger, upright types with distinctive tropical leaves.

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